Samuel of Bulgaria

Type Figure Region Bulgaria Time c. 937–1014 Also known as Tsar Samuel of Bulgaria

Samuel (c. 937–1014) was the last tsar of the Western Bulgarian Empire, holding Macedonia and the Albanian highlands against Byzantine emperor Basil …

Timeline

967–997Western Bulgaria · BulgariaAfter taking part in the Komitopuli uprising he gradually seized power, expanding his influence amid Byzantine and Bulgarian civil strife, and finally proclaimed himself tsar in 997.
997–1001Ohrid · MacedoniaBased at Ohrid, he controlled most of Macedonia and Albania, repeatedly contending with Basil II along the Thracian and Macedonian frontiers.
1001–1014Macedonian highlands · MacedoniaBetween 1001 and 1010, though losing ground, he delayed the Byzantine advance with mountain fortresses; after the disastrous defeat at Kleidion in 1014 he was broken in health and died soon after.

Sources

Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium — Alexander Kazhdan (ed.) (1991)
A History of the First Bulgarian Empire — Steven Runciman (1930)