Rise of the Kingdom of Aksum

Timeline

1. -100–-50Aksum · EthiopiaCity-states in the Aksum region formed a political center in the northern Ethiopian highlands, using Red Sea–Nile–inland Africa trade routes to transship ivory, gold, and agricultural products, gradually accumulating wealth and military power.
2. -50–100Red Sea coast · Red SeaAksum's power extended to Red Sea ports, establishing trade and diplomatic contacts with Roman Egypt, southern Arabia, and inland African peoples, laying the foundation for issuing currency after the CE era, erecting giant stelae, and later imperial expansion.