Toghon Temür

Timeline

1. 1333–1340Dadu · BeijingIn 1333 he acceded at Dadu with the support of powerful ministers including Bayan, first under the era name Zhishun, later changing to Tongtong and Zhiyuan. During this period Bayan concentrated military and political power, abolished the imperial examinations, and pursued anti-Han policies, with the emperor largely subordinate to him.
2. 1341–1350Dadu · BeijingAfter Bayan was dismissed in 1340, Toghon Temür changed the era name to Zhizheng and relied on chancellor Toqto'a. During this period the imperial examinations were restored, the History of Song was compiled, and the Yellow River and Grand Canal were dredged, but fiscal and relief pressures grew, and unrest and hidden dangers accumulated in Jiangnan.