Vijayanagara trade routes

Timeline

1. 1501–1505Calicut · KeralaA trade route from the capital at Hampi south across the Mysore plateau to Malabar Coast ports such as Calicut and Cochin, carrying inland ironware, textiles, and gems in exchange for pepper, cinnamon, and Arabian horses. The Portuguese entered the Malabar Coast after 1500, but Vijayanagara caravans still transshipped goods to the capital markets with permission from local rulers.
2. 1509–1510Hampi · KarnatakaAfter Krishnadevaraya's accession in 1509, inland toll stations were reorganized and Hampi's great market was strengthened as a north-south distribution center. Trade routes extended east to the coastal port of Visakhapatnam, linking with Arab and Portuguese maritime commerce; the empire integrated Deccan and coastal economies through its overland transport network.