Maya city-state of Chichén Itzá

Timeline

1. c. 900–1100Core urban area of Chichén Itzá · YucatánUnder Toltec cultural influence the city-state expanded on a large scale, building the Kukulcán pyramid, the Great Ball Court, and the Group of a Thousand Columns, forming a blended Maya-Toltec architectural and religious system and establishing regional hegemony over the northern Yucatán.
2. 1161–1170Chichén Itzá city-state · YucatánDuring this period Chichén Itzá still functioned as an important Postclassic Maya city-state, with Sacred Cenote rituals, ball court activities, and regional trade networks remaining active, attracting pilgrimage and exchange from settlements across the Yucatán Peninsula and beyond.
3. c. 1220–1250Chichén Itzá · MexicoPolitical power shifted to new centers such as Mayapan; Chichén Itzá's population declined and large-scale works ceased, but the architectural complex remained a sacred site pilgrimage to by later Maya peoples until, after the Spanish conquest, it became an archaeological and World Heritage site.