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Empress Ma

Type Figure Region Nanjing Time 1332–1382 Also known as Empress Xiaoci Gao、Ma Xiuying、Ma Sanniang

First wife of Ming founder Zhu Yuanzhang, made empress in the first year of Hongwu;…

Timeline

1381–1382Nanjing · Yingtian PrefectureIn 1381 she still resided in the palace as empress, advising the emperor to be cautious in punishment and care for the people, and managing inner-court affairs; she died of illness in 1382 and was buried at Ming Xiaoling in Nanjing.

Sources

明史·列传·后妃传 — 张廷玉等 (1739)
The Cambridge History of China, Volume 7: The Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644, Part 1 — Frederick W. Mote (1988)