Ala ad-Din Tekish

Timeline

1. c. 1172–1181Gurganj · KhwarazmTekish gradually took control of Khwarazm from 1172, formally taking the royal title around 1181. He consolidated control over the lower Amu Darya and the Khwarazm heartland and began expanding eastward and southward.
2. 1182–1190Khwarazm and Khurasan · KhurasanThroughout the 1180s Tekish continued pushing east, contesting Khurasan with the Ghurids and neighboring powers. Around 1187 he captured key positions including Merv, preparing for further advances westward and southward.
3. 1190–1194Near Sivas · Sultanate of RumIn 1190 Tekish defeated the allied forces of Kilij Arslan II and Sayf al-Din Ghazi in Anatolia; in 1194 he again crushed the Ghurid sultan along the Amu Darya, bringing Khwarazmian power to its zenith.
4. 1195–1200Gurganj · KhwarazmIn his later years Tekish made Gurganj his capital, consolidating control over Khurasan and the Central Asian trade routes. He died around 1200, designating his second son Ala ad-Din Muhammad II as heir.