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Margaret of Parma

Type Figure Region Netherlands Time 1522–1586 Also known as Margaret, Governor of the Netherlands

Margaret of Parma (1522–1586), daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V and Johanna van der Gheynst, and half-sister of Philip II, served twice as go…

Timeline

  1. 1559–1567Brussels · FlandersAppointed governor by her brother Philip II in 1559, she directed Dutch affairs from Brussels. In the 1560s, facing the spread of Calvinism and noble petitions, she pursued relatively moderate policies and convened the States-General, but after the Iconoclastic Fury of 1566 the situation spiraled out of control and she finally resigned in 1567.
  2. 1567–1586Parma · Emilia-RomagnaAfter resigning the governorship she lived long in Parma; from 1578 to 1582 she briefly served again as governor of the Netherlands but could not turn the tide of the war. In her later years she was active in Italy as Duchess of Parma of the Farnese family, dying at Parma in 1586.

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