Silk Road Trade

Timeline

1. 1121–1130Samarkand · TransoxianaTransoxiana cities like Samarkand and Bukhara remained distribution centers for silk, spices, jewels, and horses; merchant guilds maintained markets and collected tariffs amid regime changes.
2. 1122–1129Kashgar · Southern Tianshan RouteAmid Song, Liao, and Jin rivalry, Central Plains silk, porcelain, and coins flowed indirectly into Central Asia via the Hexi Corridor and routes north and south of the Tianshan, while Western Regions states exported jade, horses, and medicinal herbs eastward.
3. 1124–1130Northern Tianshan Route · Northern Tianshan RouteThe founding of Western Liao and competition among steppe tribes made the security of some trade routes dependent on nomadic polities' attitudes; merchants often paid tolls or sought armed escorts to cross turbulent zones.