Macau's Portuguese–Japanese Trade Tensions and the 1622 Conflict (1622)

Timeline

1. 1622Macau · MacauAround 1622, the Tokugawa shogunate in Japan intensified the ban on Christianity and restricted Portuguese–Japanese trade. Macau's position as a Portuguese–Japanese entrepôt hub was undermined, and the Portuguese community's economic and security pressures rose markedly.
2. 1622Macau · MacauIn June 1622, a Dutch East India Company fleet attacked Macau in an attempt to seize the trading post. The Portuguese garrison and Jesuits resisted together and ultimately repelled the Dutch forces, but Macau's defensive system was exposed as vulnerable.