Ala-ud-din Khalji

Timeline

1. 1301Ranthambore · RajasthanIn 1301 Ala-ud-din personally led a large army against the Ranthambore fortress held by the Rajput ruler Hammir Singh Chauhan; after a long siege the city fell and Hammir died for his cause. This campaign removed a major obstacle on the sultanate's eastward Rajput corridor and laid the groundwork for the subsequent offensive against Chittor.
2. 1303–1305Chittor · RajasthanIn 1303 the sultan besieged the Mewar fortress of Chittor, triggering the famous jauhar and fierce street fighting; meanwhile Mongol forces again swept south, besieging Delhi in 1303, and Ala-ud-din rushed back from the Chittor front to relieve it. In 1305 the Mongols were again defeated near Amroha, consolidating North India's defenses.
3. 1306–1310Delhi · DelhiAfter 1306 Ala-ud-din continued to strengthen market controls, fixed military pay, and an intelligence system to sustain a large standing army. From 1308 he entrusted Malik Kafur with leading elite forces on campaigns against the Deccan states; by 1310 the Kakatiya dynasty was destroyed and vast wealth captured, extending sultanate power deep into South India for the first time.