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Mataram Kingdom

Type Object Region Southeast Asia Time c. 732–1016

The Mataram Kingdom (Medang) was a Hindu-Buddhist polity that rose in central Java in the 10th-11th centuries, with its capital moving several times;…

Timeline

  1. c. 732–900Central Java · Central JavaThe Sailendra dynasty and subsequent Mataram monarchs established a Hindu-Buddhist royal order in central Java, with large religious structures such as Borobudur demonstrating the kingdom's power and religious tolerance.
  2. 991–1016Court of Dharmawangsa · IndonesiaDuring Dharmawangsa's reign the kingdom reached cultural heights, sponsoring Javanese translations of Sanskrit classics such as the Mahabharata and maintaining diplomatic contacts with Southeast Asian states; this phase directly overlaps with the recorded range of 1001-1010 CE.
  3. 1016–1025Central Java · IndonesiaAccording to sources such as the Kakawin Airlangga, in 1016 the court was sacked by outside forces, Dharmawangsa was killed, and the kingdom fell into division and local fragmentation, with Mataram ceasing to exist as a unified polity in both name and substance.
  4. c. 1019–1045Kahuripan Kingdom (East Java) · East JavaAfter quelling internal strife, Airlangga rebuilt a unified kingdom (Kahuripan), shifting the political center eastward; the Mataram name gave way to a new dynastic tradition, but its cultural legacy continued in East Java.

Sources