← Explore on the interactive map

Robert Bellarmine

Type Figure Region Italy Time 1542–1621 Also known as Robert Bellarmine、Saint Robert Bellarmine、Cardinal Bellarmine、圣罗伯托·贝拉明

Italian Jesuit theologian, cardinal, and Doctor of the Church, one of the most important Catholic apologists of the Counter-Reformation from the late…

Timeline

  1. 1542–1569Montepulciano · SienaBorn in 1542 into a noble family in Montepulciano, he joined the Jesuits in 1560, received humanistic and theological training in Rome, Padua, and elsewhere, and was ordained a priest in 1569.
  2. 1576–1588Rome · RomeFrom 1576 he served as professor of controversial theology at the Roman College (predecessor of the Gregorian University), systematically writing the Disputations to respond to Protestant theological claims, becoming an authoritative work of Catholic polemic theology.
  3. 1586–1593Rome · RomeBetween 1586 and 1593 he completed the main parts of the three-volume Disputations, comprehensively treating papal authority, the sacraments, Church tradition, and other issues, establishing his central position in Counter-Reformation theological debates.
  4. 1599–1621Rome · RomeRaised to cardinal in 1599, he held various important posts in the Roman Curia, participated as a theological advisor in the Galileo case in 1616, and died in Rome in September 1621; his theological works long dominated Catholic scholastic education.

Sources