Battle of Gaugamela

Timeline

1. -331Mesopotamia · MesopotamiaAfter the defeat at Issus, Darius III assembled infantry, cavalry and war elephants from across the empire east of Babylon, and chose the plain of Gaugamela as the battlefield.
2. -331Gaugamela · MesopotamiaThe Macedonian army used an oblique formation and a cavalry flank attack to break the Persian line, penetrating to near Darius's chariot; the Persian king again abandoned his army and fled, and the empire's main force disintegrated.
3. -331–-330Babylon · MesopotamiaAfter the victory at Gaugamela, the Macedonian army entered Babylon, Susa and other core imperial cities. The Persian central government lost effective military control, and the eastern campaign turned to pursuing Darius and conquering the Persian heartland.