al-Kamil Becomes Ayyubid Sultan

Timeline

1. 1218Damascus · Damascusal-Adil I, brother of Ayyubid founder Saladin and nominal supreme sultan, died in Damascus. His son al-Kamil was then based in Egypt and formally established his sultanate over the Egyptian territories after his father's death, with the various Ayyubid branches holding Syria, Mesopotamia, and elsewhere.
2. 1218Damietta · DamiettaImmediately after accession, al-Kamil faced the urgent situation of crusader landings in Egypt and personally went to the Damietta front to direct the defense. He deployed troops across the Nile, fortified the city walls, and coordinated his brother al-Mu'azzam's reinforcements from Syria, becoming the core commander on the Egyptian front of the Fifth Crusade.