Papal Bull Exsurge Domine

Timeline

1. 1520Rome · ItalyAfter the Leipzig Debate, curial theologians systematically reviewed Luther's writings, and Pope Leo X signed the bull, listing article by article forty-one propositions to be condemned, covering core doctrines such as the sacraments, papal authority, purgatory, and monastic vows.
2. 1520Rome · ItalyThe bull required Luther to publicly recant all condemned propositions within sixty days, failing which he would be excommunicated and authorities everywhere authorized to burn his works. Luther refused to obey and responded with works such as To the Christian Nobility of the German Nation, making the conflict between the curia and the reformers irreconcilable.