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Papal Election Schism of 1061
After Pope Nicholas II died in 1061, reformers elected Alexander II at Siena while imperialists raised Cardinal Cadalus as antipope Honorius II at Pa…
Timeline
- 1061Florence · TuscanyReformist Pope Nicholas II died in Florence, leaving the papacy in interregnum, and factions immediately began intense maneuvering over the next pope.
- 1061Siena · LazioLed by reformist cardinals such as Hildebrand, Bishop Anselm of Lucca was elected pope at Siena, taking the name Alexander II, continuing the Cluniac reform line's push for papal independence.
- 1061Pavia · LombardyImperialist Cardinal Cadalus was raised as antipope at Pavia, taking the name Honorius II, gaining support from some German bishops and nobles and creating a church schism with two rival popes.
Sources
- The Papacy, 1073-1198: Continuity and Innovation — I. S. Robinson (1990)
- Investiture Controversy: Church and Monarchy from the Ninth to the Twelfth Century — Uta-Renate Blumenthal (1988)