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Nomadic Pastoral Economy
A seasonal migratory herding economy that matured on the Eurasian steppe during the first millennium BCE, centered on horses, sheep, and cattle, acco…
Timeline
- c. -1000–-700Mongolian Plateau · Mongolian PlateauSteppe communities rotated between winter and summer pastures, forming tribal customs of pasture-use rights; herd structure centered on sheep and horses, with dairy and meat products supporting population and military mobilization.
- c. -700–-500Steppe–farming frontier zone · Agro-pastoral ecotoneThe pastoral economy exchanged grain, metals, and textiles with the Zhou dynasty and subsequent northern states through tribute, border markets, and raiding, forming a stable frontier economic cycle.
Sources
- Khazanov, Anatoly M. Nomads and the Outside World — Anatoly M. Khazanov (1994)