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Death of Khwarazm Shah Muhammad
Late 1220 CE, Khwarazm Shah Muhammad II fled to a Caspian island under Mongol pursuit by Jebe and Subutai, dying there in poverty and illness (some s…
Timeline
- 1220Abeskun Island, Caspian Sea · Caspian SeaAfter Shah Muhammad fled by small boat to a Caspian island, Mongol pursuers controlled the coast and no supplies could be obtained. His companions dispersed, and the Shah fell into extreme hardship on the island, his health deteriorating rapidly.
- 1220Abeskun Island, Caspian Sea · Caspian SeaShah Muhammad died of illness on the island amid poverty and sickness, aged about fifty. Before dying he instructed his attendants to bury him on the island and not let the Mongols learn the tomb's location. The Khwarazmian Empire's nominal supreme ruler thus ended.
- 1220–1221Remnant territories of the Khwarazmian Empire · West AsiaAs news of the Shah's death gradually spread, remnant forces across the Khwarazmian Empire lost their unified core. His son Jalal al-Din became the foremost resistance leader, continuing to fight the Mongols along the Afghanistan-India border, but the empire as a political entity was already defunct in name.
Sources
- The History of the World-Conqueror — Ala-ad-Din Ata-Malik Juvayni
- The Empire of the Steppes: A History of Central Asia — René Grousset (1970)