Deccan Sultanate cannon founding

Timeline

1. c. 1540–1580Goa · GoaFrom the mid-16th century, the Deccan Sultanates imported cannon-founding craftsmen and cannon mold technology through Goa and the Persian Gulf, establishing bronze cannon foundries in Bijapur, Ahmadnagar, and elsewhere, with products equipped in stone fortresses and field armies.
2. 1591Ahmadnagar · Deccan PlateauFacing the Mughal northward advance in the 1590s, the Nizam Shah and Adil Shah regimes intensified the casting of large-caliber bronze cannons and deployed them in fortresses such as Ahmadnagar; surviving artifacts and inscriptions show that Deccan cannon founding had local characteristics in caliber and decoration, standing against the Mughal artillery.
3. c. 1595–1610Bijapur · KarnatakaFrom the late 1590s to the early 17th century, the Bijapur and Golconda (Hyderabad) foundries continued to supply cannons to the sultanate armies and allies, with products also exported by sea; after the Mughal conquest in the 17th century, some cannon-founding craftsmen entered the imperial ordnance system.