Persian astrolabe

Timeline

1. c. 850–1000Baghdad · MesopotamiaAbbasid-era astronomers localized Greek astrolabe theory, and early Islamic astrolabe-making traditions emerged in Baghdad and Basra, laying the foundation for Persian workshops.
2. c. 1051–1060Ray—Isfahan · PersiaIn the mid-11th century, astrolabe production in the Persian region became mature, with brass scales, sighting tubes, and interchangeable latitude plates fitting precisely, serving scholars, courts, and caravans in determining time and direction; this node intersects the 1051–1060 window.
3. c. 1070–1092Isfahan · IsfahanUnder Malik-Shah, astronomical observation and the astrolabe were used together; Isfahan became a center for instrument making and use, with Persian astrolabe craft and observational practice mutually reinforcing each other.
4. c. 1200Cities of the Islamic World · Islamic WorldPersian astrolabe styles spread through trade and scholarly networks to Anatolia, North Africa, and later Europe, becoming one of the important paradigms of pre-modern astronomical and navigational tools.