Dōgen's Zen Buddhism in Japan (1240s)

Timeline

1. 1240–1243Kyoto · Kyoto PrefectureAfter returning from China in 1227 with the Dharma from Master Ruqing of Tiantong Temple, Dōgen long maintained a hermitage outside Kyoto, teaching disciples and writing works such as the Shōbōgenzō, emphasizing that sitting meditation itself is awakening, without reliance on koan wit. In the 1240s his teachings gained growing influence among nobles and samurai, but generated tension with established Rinzai Zen forces.
2. 1243Echizen Province · JapanDue to disagreements with parts of the Kyoto Zen community, Dōgen accepted an invitation from Hira no Chikatada, shugo of Echizen, and went north, first establishing a practice hall at Ōtani in Echizen before relocating in search of a more suitable center, reflecting his Zen style of 'dwelling away from the royal capital, practicing the Way in the mountains and forests.'
3. 1244Eihei-ji · Fukui PrefectureDōgen founded Eihei-ji at Eihei village in Echizen, establishing the sōdō, kōin, and tatchū systems according to the Qinggui rules, and codifying the practice norm of 'taking seated meditation as the essence.' Eihei-ji became the head temple of Japanese Sōtō Zen, where Dōgen continued writing the later volumes of the Shōbōgenzō until his passing in 1253.