Muhammad al-Nasir

Timeline

1. 1199–1210Marrakesh · MoroccoMuhammad al-Nasir succeeded to the Almohad caliphate, controlling vast Islamic territories from Morocco to al-Andalus; through military campaigns and religious authority he consolidated the North African–Iberian Muslim alliance, becoming the main threat to the Christian kingdoms.
2. 1211–1212al-Andalus · al-AndalusMuhammad al-Nasir assembled a great army from North Africa and al-Andalus and marched north, intending to suppress the Christian kingdoms' Reconquista offensive; his southward move directly prompted Alfonso VIII to organize a Christian coalition in response.
3. 1212Las Navas de Tolosa · al-AndalusAt Las Navas de Tolosa, the Almohad army commanded by Muhammad al-Nasir was routed by the Christian coalition led by Alfonso VIII, Alfonso IX and Peter II; the imperial forces suffered a devastating blow, and the Muslim regime in al-Andalus never recovered.