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Cilician Armenia: Reign of Thoros II (1140s)
In the 1140s, Thoros II regained and consolidated rule in the Kingdom of Cilician Armenia, repelling Byzantine and Antiochene pressure and reviving A…
Timeline
- 1144–1145Cilician highlands · CiliciaThoros II ended his imprisonment in Byzantium, secretly returned to Cilicia, contacted local nobles and church forces, and began rebuilding Armenian royal rule.
- 1144–1146Cilicia–Antioch border · CiliciaRaymond I of the Principality of Antioch had once captured Thoros, and Byzantium also sought to control the Armenian royal house. Thoros gradually shook off foreign control in the mid-to-late 1140s, restoring the kingdom's autonomy.
- 1147–1149Cilician Armenia · CiliciaBy the late 1140s, Thoros had secured the throne, rebuilt fortresses and the church system, and the Armenian kingdom recovered considerable independence and military strength amid the crusader states.
Sources
- The Armenian Kingdom in Cilicia during the Crusades — Angus Stewart (2001)
- Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium — Alexander Kazhdan et al. (1991)