Granada–Castile Truce (1340s)

Timeline

1. 1342–1343Algeciras siege camp · Al-AndalusIn August 1342, Alfonso XI led a multi-national crusading army to besiege Marinid-held Algeciras. Yusuf I, facing border raids and failed relief attempts, repeatedly proposed a truce: in February 1343 he offered heavy tribute to lift the siege but refused to break with the Marinids; Alfonso insisted on the Marinid garrison's withdrawal. Granada's relief force was again defeated at the Palmones River in May 1343, sharply increasing pressure on the peace talks.
2. 1343–1344Palmones River–Algeciras · Al-AndalusIn December 1343, Granada's relief army was again annihilated at the Palmones River. By early 1344 Algeciras was out of food; on March 2, Granada's envoy Hasan al-Gharnati presented formal surrender terms: hand over Algeciras, submit to Castile, pay an annual tribute of 12,000 gold dinars, and allow the garrison to withdraw safely. Alfonso XI accepted but shortened the truce from fifteen years to ten.
3. 1344Algeciras · Al-AndalusThe Treaty of Algeciras was formally signed on March 26, 1344, ending the twenty-one-month siege. Algeciras was annexed by Castile, Granada became a vassal paying parias and received a ten-year truce. The treaty consolidated Christian control of the Strait of Gibraltar's north shore and marked the Nasrid dynasty's shift to a defensive posture.