Iberian Mariner's Compass

Timeline

1. c. 1480–1491Sagres · AlgarveIn the late 15th century, Portuguese navigators improved the magnetic compass within Prince Henry's system of navigational training, refining the 32-point scale and optimizing pivot balance so the compass gave steady readings in wind and waves, meeting the directional needs of long voyages along the African coast.
2. 1492–1500Atlantic routes · Atlantic OceanBetween 1492 and 1500, Iberian exploration and trading vessels were commonly fitted with mariner's compasses, crews maintaining transoceanic courses by magnetic bearing; the voyage logs of Columbus, Vasco da Gama, and others all record the compass's crucial role at night and in cloudy conditions.