Yuan Invasion Fleet to Japan

Timeline

1. 1274Hakata Bay · KyushuKublai ordered Shindo and Hong Dacha to cross from Goryeo with about 900 ships and over 10,000 troops, landing at Hakata and Tada-no-ura. The Yuan forces used firearms and mass tactics while the Japanese resisted along the Dazaifu line; after occupying Hakata, the Yuan withdrew quickly to Goryeo due to supply shortages and typhoon threats.
2. 1281Takashima and the Hizen coast · KyushuThe Yuan mobilized about 4,400 ships and over 100,000 troops, attacking in two columns: the Jiangnan army and the Goryeo army. The Japanese built stone walls along the Hakata coast to block landings; the Yuan repositioned to Takashima, Hirado, and elsewhere to await the Jiangnan force. An August typhoon (the Japanese 'kamikaze') struck, sinking the main fleet off the Hizen coast and ending the expedition in total failure.
3. 1281–1300Takashima underwater site · KyushuAfter the two failed expeditions, the Yuan abandoned plans to invade Japan, while Japanese gokenin deepened their conflicts with the Hōjō regency over rewards. Modern archaeology has found shipwreck artifacts and weapons on the seabed of Takashima and Hakata Bay, providing physical evidence for the scale and composition of the invasion fleet.