Khitan Pastoral Economy and the Four-Season Nabo Camps

Timeline

1. 1022Yalu River spring nabo · Yalu RiverIn spring the emperor led the court to the Yalu River area for the spring nabo, engaging in fishing, hunting, and heaven-worship rites; envoys from the tribes accompanied him to pay court, and nomadic and hunting products became a key supply source for the court and nobility.
2. 1027Qingzhou autumn nabo · Inner MongoliaIn autumn the autumn nabo was held on the Qingzhou grasslands, where Khitan tribes drove their horses and sheep; the court supplemented the five-capital urban economy with pastoral products and steppe trade, as nomadism complemented farming and handicrafts.