Srivijaya Empire

Timeline

1. c. 900–930Palembang · IndonesiaIn the early 10th century Srivijaya continued to control the Sunda Strait and Malacca Strait sea lanes, with Palembang as an international trade port gathering Chinese, Indian, and Arab merchants, and Buddhist temples coexisting with royal administrative institutions.
2. c. 960–990Palembang · IndonesiaAfter the Song dynasty was established, Srivijaya envoys repeatedly paid tribute in China; Chinese historical records record Sanfoqi (Srivijaya) as an important trading country of the South China Sea, through which spices, ivory, and treasures were transshipped.
3. c. 990–1000Coasts of Sumatra and the Malay Peninsula · Malay ArchipelagoBy the end of the 10th century Srivijaya's control over strait trade reached its peak, with vassal states spread across Java, Kalimantan, and the Malay Peninsula, becoming the most influential maritime political entity in 10th-century Southeast Asia.