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Exile of Humayun

Type Event Region India Time c. 1540–1544

After his defeat at the Battle of Kannauj in 1540, Mughal emperor Humayun was forced to abandon India, wandering through Sindh and elsewhere before r…

Timeline

  1. c. 1540Kannauj · IndiaHumayun was defeated by Sher Shah at the Battle of Kannauj, losing control of Delhi and northern India; he withdrew westward with a few followers, and Mughal rule in India was abruptly interrupted.
  2. 1540–1542Umerkot · IndiaHumayun struggled to survive in Sindh; in October 1542 his son Akbar was born at Umerkot. The years of exile were hard, and the old Mughal retainers scattered, some defecting to the Sur Empire.
  3. 1543–1544Safavid Persia · PersiaHumayun crossed deserts and mountains to reach Persia, seeking aid from Safavid shah Tahmasp I. This opened the Mughal–Persian alliance, laying the foundation for later recovering Kandahar and India with Persian military force.

Sources