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Humbert
A Benedictine from Lorraine raised by Leo IX to the cardinal-bishopric of Silva Candida, he led the 1054 legation to Constantinople and placed the bu…
Timeline
- c. 1000–1049Moyenmoutier · MoyenmoutierBorn c. 1000 in Lorraine, he entered the monastery of Moyenmoutier. Skilled in Latin and canon law, he advocated strict punishment of simony, and his reform stance resembled that of the Lorraine-born Leo IX.
- 1049–1054Rome · RomeHe accompanied Leo IX to Rome in 1049 and was appointed cardinal-bishop of Silva Candida c. 1050–1051, taking part in reforms against simony and clerical marriage and drafting polemical documents on the liturgical differences of the Eastern Church.
- 1054Hagia Sophia, Constantinople · ConstantinopleLeo IX had already died in April 1054, but Humbert, still acting as legate, broke off negotiations with Patriarch Michael Cerularius. On July 16 he placed the bull of excommunication on the altar of Hagia Sophia; the patriarch immediately retaliated with his own excommunication, and the Eastern and Western Churches openly ruptured.
- 1054–1061Rome · RomeAfter returning to Italy he continued writing pamphlets against Greek rites and simony and took part in the activities of the reform party in the curia. He died in Rome on May 5, 1061, without seeing the schism healed.
Sources
- The Eastern Schism: A Study of the Papacy and the Eastern Churches during the XIth and XIIth Centuries — Steven Runciman (1955)
- Humbert of Silva Candida — Encyclopaedia Britannica https://www.britannica.com/biography/Humbert-of-Silva-Candida
- The Papal Reform of the Eleventh Century — I. S. Robinson (2004)