Decline of Sanfoqi's Maritime Hegemony (1010s)

Name: Decline of Sanfoqi's Maritime Hegemony (1010s)
Start: 1010
End: 1019

Type Event Region Southeast Asia Time 1010–1019

In the early 11th century, the Sumatra-based kingdom of Sanfoqi (Srivijaya) had long controlled the Strait of Malacca and the South China Sea–Indian …

Timeline

1010–1019Strait of Malacca · Malay PeninsulaJava, ports along the Malay Peninsula, and mainland Southeast Asian ports competed for shares of the transshipment trade; Sanfoqi's monopoly over the strait's shipping lanes was eroded, and merchant routes and ports of call showed a trend toward diversification.
1010–1019Southeastern coast of Sumatra · SumatraThe South Indian Chola Empire expanded eastward, exerting military and political pressure on Sanfoqi's subject ports and maritime interests; Sanfoqi's central authority weakened over distant vassals, and the process of hegemonic decline was clearly visible in the 1010s.

Sources

Wolters, O. W. Early Indonesian Commerce — O. W. Wolters (1967)
《宋史·外国传》三佛齐条