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Fortified Port City of Acre

Type Object Region Levant Time c. 1104–1291

The most important fortified Crusader port on the Levantine coast, with inner and outer walls and a deep-water harbor;…

Timeline

  1. c. 1104–1170Acre · LevantAfter taking control of Acre, the Crusaders built stone walls, towers, and harbor facilities, making it the Kingdom of Jerusalem's main seaport and supply hub, with rapid population and commercial growth.
  2. c. 1187–1190Acre · LevantAfter the defeat at Hattin and the fall of Jerusalem in 1187, Acre became the Latin kingdom's most important surviving fortress on the Levantine coast, sheltering refugees and awaiting European Crusader reinforcements.
  3. 1189–1191Acre · LevantThe Crusaders began besieging Acre in 1189; the city fell in 1191 after the arrival of reinforcements under Richard I and Philip II, with massive earthworks and siege operations on both sides putting Acre's defenses to the ultimate test.
  4. 1191–1291Acre · LevantAfter 1191 Acre was elevated to the de facto capital of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, continuing to expand the military order quarters and harbor, until it fell to the Mamluk sultan Khalil in 1291, ending the Crusader presence in the Levant.

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