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Ghaznavid Empire

Type Object Region Central Asia Time 977–1186

The Ghaznavid Empire (977–1186) was an Islamic state founded by descendants of Turkic slave generals in Central and South Asia, with its capital at G…

Timeline

  1. 977–998Ghazni · AfghanistanSebüktegen rose from Samanid vassalage, using Ghazni as a base to expand into Khorasan and establishing the embryo of a regime centered on a Turkic military aristocracy.
  2. 998–1030Ghazni · AfghanistanMahmud repeatedly campaigned in India, plundering wealth and spreading Islam, while contesting Transoxiana with the Samanid remnants and the Karakhanids; the empire's territory and military system reached their peak.
  3. 1030–1050Khorasan and Transoxiana · West AsiaAround 1030, disputes among his sons over the throne weakened the center; the Karakhanids advanced eastward to seize Samarkand and other cities, and the Ghaznavids lost part of their Central Asian territory as the political focus shifted south.
  4. c. 1100–1186Ghazni · AfghanistanSeljuk pressure and internal fragmentation shrank Ghaznavid territory; in 1186 the Ghurid dynasty captured and destroyed Ghazni, dissolving the imperial organization, after which northern India was taken up by the Ghurid–Delhi Sultanate.

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