Duwa and the Yuan Dynasty Border Wars

Name: Duwa and the Yuan Dynasty Border Wars
Start: 1291
End: 1300

Type Event Region Central Asia Time 1291–1300

In the 1290s, Chagatai khan Duwa repeatedly raided the Yuan's northwestern frontier, coordinating with Kaidu's remnants over Hami and the Gansu Corri…

Timeline

1291–1293Beshbalik (around present-day Jimsar) · Northern Tianshan foothillsAfter securing power in the eastern Chagatai lands, Duwa assembled cavalry and prepared to press the Yuan's northwestern frontier via the northern and southern Tianshan routes, continuing Kaidu-era challenges to the Yuan.
1295–1298Hami · HamiDuwa's forces repeatedly invaded Hami and the northwestern Gansu gateway, engaging in repeated seesaw battles with Yuan frontier troops; the Yuan dispatched generals to garrison and reinforced with troops, and the two sides fought cavalry battles at Tianshan passes and oasis routes.
1299–1300Western Gansu Corridor · Hexi CorridorBy around 1300, the two sides had reached no lasting peace; the northwestern frontier remained in a state of intermittent conflict and military standoff, requiring the Yuan to maintain heavy garrison forces long-term.

Sources

元史·笃哇传
Cambridge History of China, Vol. 6: Alien Regimes and Border States, 907–1368 — Herbert Franke, Denis Twitchett (eds.) (1994)