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End of the Ottoman-Venetian War and the Treaty of Constantinople (1503)
The four-year Fourth Ottoman-Venetian War (1499–1503) ended with a peace treaty signed in Constantinople between the Ottoman Empire and the Republic …
Timeline
- 1499–1500Waters off Zakynthos (Preveza) · EpirusUnder Kemal Reis's command, the Ottoman fleet heavily defeated the Venetian navy near Zakynthos (Preveza), capturing Navarino, Modon, and Coron; the initiative passed to the Ottomans, and Venice was forced to seek diplomatic mediation.
- 1501–1502Morea (Peloponnese) · GreeceOttoman forces captured key points on the Morea peninsula and Nauplia, leaving Venice at a disadvantage on land and at sea. Intermittent peace talks proceeded through intermediaries such as the pope and France, with territorial terms and indemnities the main points of dispute.
- 1503Constantinople · Marmara RegionVenice and the Ottomans formally concluded a peace treaty in Constantinople: Venice recognized Ottoman possession of the Morea, Nauplia, and Castel Sant'Angelo and paid an indemnity; the Ottomans allowed Venetian merchant ships to continue trading in certain waters. The war ended in an Ottoman strategic victory, reshaping the balance of power in the eastern Mediterranean.
Sources
- The Cambridge History of Turkey, Volume 1: Byzantium to Turkey, 1071–1453 (and successor volumes on the Ottoman expansion) — Kate Fleet (2009)
- Venice: A Documentary History, 1450-1630 — David Chambers and Brian Pullan (2001)