Portuguese–Mughal Naval Conflict

Timeline

1. 1593Port of Surat · GujaratThe Portuguese authorities in Goa accused Mughal merchant ships of evading the pass system and repeatedly detained vessels bound for the Red Sea and Persian Gulf; the Mughal governor of Gujarat protested Portuguese patrol ships intercepting national merchant vessels outside the ports, and diplomatic negotiations broke down.
2. 1593Waters off Surat · Arabian SeaA Mughal local fleet and Portuguese armed merchantmen encountered and exchanged fire off Surat, with ships damaged and casualties on both sides. The battle was indecisive but prompted Akbar to place greater emphasis on building and arming national warships at Surat and elsewhere.