Delhi Sultanate Frontier Campaigns

Timeline

1. 1290Delhi · North IndiaAfter Kayqubad's assassination, Jalal al-Din Khalji entered Delhi and took the throne, ending Mamluk (Slave) dynasty rule and founding the Khalji dynasty. The new sultan immediately courted army and citizen support through military victories and generous rewards, rallying morale for the coming frontier campaigns.
2. 1290–1291Lahore–Multan frontier · PunjabThe new regime reorganized frontier forces along the Punjab–Sind line, repaired fortresses, and deployed cavalry patrols to counter sustained Ilkhanate and Chagatai Mongol pressure on northwestern India. Several border strongholds still loyal to the old dynasty were reduced by force, and the northwestern defenses were initially consolidated.
3. 1290–1291Awadh–Bihar frontier · Ganges PlainThe Khalji sultan dispatched troops to tour the middle Ganges and Bihar, forcing provincial governors and Hindu rajas to renew their oaths of allegiance and confiscating arms and revenues left over from the old dynasty. This secured the sultanate's core territories after the coup and preserved strategic resources for future southward expansion.