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Tensions between the Ilkhanate and the Golden Horde
Around 1290 relations between the Ilkhanate and the Golden Horde worsened over the Caucasus corridor, Caspian trade routes, and steppe spheres, fores…
Timeline
- 1284–1290Lower Volga · Volga regionIn 1284 Arghun overthrew Tekuder with the aid of Nogai and other Golden Horde forces, and the two sides once formed a political alliance. As their interests diverged, the alliance's foundation weakened around 1290 and border frictions increased.
- 1290Northern Caucasus steppe · North CaucasusIn 1290 the Ilkhanate and Golden Horde clashed several times along the Caspian–Caucasus trade corridor and steppe frontier, each accusing the other of incursions and raiding. Exchanges of diplomatic envoys failed to ease the situation, and relations between the two khanates entered a tense phase.
Sources
- The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion — Peter Jackson (2017)
- The Golden Horde: The Encyclopedia of Empire — Roman Pochekaev (2018)