Battle of the Kalka River

Timeline

1. 1223Lower Dnieper steppe · UkraineJebe and Subutai led the Mongol pursuit eastward after routing the Cumans, entering the southern steppe frontier of Kievan Rus' and making contact with the advance forces of the Rus' principalities coming to the Cumans' aid.
2. 1223North of the Samara Bend · UkraineThe Mongols employed a feigned retreat, luring the Rus' coalition's vanguard away from the main body. Lacking unified command, the forces of the Rus' principalities divided and advanced rashly, creating conditions for the Mongol encirclement.
3. 1223Banks of the Kalka River · UkraineThe Mongol main force turned back to strike, annihilating the Rus' coalition's main body on the banks of the Kalka River. Captured princes, including Grand Prince Mstislav of Kiev and the prince of Chernigov, were crushed under wooden planks while feasting, and the Rus' military nobility suffered devastating losses.