Christian Nubia under Moses George (1180s)

Timeline

1. 1175–1185Lower Nubia · NubiaAfter Saladin abolished the Fatimid Caliphate in 1171, Makuria attacked Aswan in 1172. Turanshah captured Qasr Ibrim in January 1173 and converted the church into a mosque. Kurdish garrisons continued raiding until withdrawing after their commander drowned during a standoff at Adidin in 1175. Thereafter, through the 1180s, Egypt and Nubia restored peace and Baqt exchanges largely continued — not a prelude to collapse with 'intermittent treaties and sharply rising pressure.'
2. 1186–1190Dongola · DongolaIn 1186 Moses George claimed the title King of Kings of Alodia, Makuria, Nobatia, and others, indicating at least nominal cross-kingdom authority. Christian rule at Soba, capital of southern Alodia, continued even later. Makuria's cultural peak fell in the 9th–11th centuries, and by the 12th century it was in long decline, but the 1180s cannot be written as an independent collapse event.