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Margaret, Duchess of Parma

Type Figure Region Netherlands Time 1522–1586 Also known as Margaret of Parma、Margaret of Austria、帕尔马的玛格丽特

Illegitimate daughter of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V and half-sister of Philip II.…

Timeline

  1. 1559–1567Brussels · BrusselsRepresenting the king in his absence in Spain, she governed the Seventeen Provinces, pursued limited religious tolerance, and negotiated with the local nobility. After the Iconoclastic Fury of 1566 the situation deteriorated; unable to contain the escalating uprisings, she resigned.
  2. 1571–1586Parma · ParmaAfter leaving her post in the Netherlands she settled in Italy, managing her territories as duchess and maintaining Habsburg family networks, while still keeping abreast of the war in the Low Countries and Spanish policy toward the Netherlands, until her death in 1586.

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