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Al-Razi

Type Figure Region Iran Time c. 854–925 Also known as Muhammad ibn Zakariya al-Razi、Abu Bakr Muhammad ibn Zakariya

Al-Razi was a 9th–10th-century Iranian physician, chemist, and philosopher, born in Rayy, who served as head of a Baghdad hospital and made major con…

Timeline

  1. c. 854–900Rayy · IranHe received his Islamic education and medical training in Rayy, also studying alchemy, philosophy, and mathematics, laying the foundation for his later mastery of clinical and experimental medicine.
  2. c. 900–918Baghdad · MesopotamiaSummoned by the Abbasid court, he served as head of a Baghdad hospital, directing clinical teaching and epidemic control, first distinguishing smallpox from measles, and advocating empirical observation to correct the Galenic tradition.
  3. c. 918–925Rayy · IranHe returned to Rayy to devote himself to writing, completing major works such as the Kitab al-Hawi and The Book of Secrets, systematically compiling knowledge of drugs, instruments, and chemical experiments, and articulating a rationalist philosophical stance.

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