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Richard I (the Lionheart)
King of England (1189–1199) of the Plantagenet dynasty, famed for military skill and the Third Crusade;…
Timeline
- 1191Acre · GalileeArriving at Acre in June 1191, he and Philip II and the crusader coalition completed the city's two-year siege; Acre surrendered on July 12, after which relations with Philip soured over spoils division and strategic disagreements.
- 1191Arsuf · Palestinian coastAfter Philip departed, Richard led his forces south along the coast to recover Jaffa and other places, and on September 7 defeated Saladin's main force with a heavy cavalry charge at Arsuf, laying the groundwork for military advantage in subsequent negotiations.
- 1192Jaffa · Palestinian coastOn September 2, 1192, he signed the Treaty of Jaffa with Saladin: Christians retained coastal strongholds, Muslims controlled Jerusalem, both sides guaranteed passage for unarmed pilgrims, and Richard then set off back to Europe in October.
Sources
- Richard I | king of England — John Gillingham https://www.britannica.com/biography/Richard-I-king-of-England
- Richard Coeur de Lion: Kingship, Chivalry and War in the Twelfth Century — John Gillingham (1994)