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Liao Pastoral and Agricultural Economy in the 1050s

Type Event Region Asia Time 1051–1060

In the 1050s under Emperors Xingzong and Daozong, the Liao pursued a north-south dual economic policy: pastoralism and hunting in the north, agricult…

Timeline

  1. 1051–1054Supreme Capital, Linhuang Prefecture · Inner MongoliaThe Khitans and other nomadic peoples maintained large-scale herding around the Supreme Capital, supplying the court and army with horses, cattle, sheep, hides, furs, and dairy and meat products; the seasonal circuits (nabo) also depended on the allocation of pastoral resources.
  2. 1052–1057Southern Capital, Xijin Prefecture · North ChinaIn the Liao's Han lands, centered on the Southern and Central Capitals, the two-tax system, corvée labor, and the salt and iron monopoly were maintained; in the 1050s agricultural output was stable, and handicrafts, porcelain-making, and iron-smelting supplied the Liao court with tax revenue and military materiel.
  3. 1055–1060Xiongzhou · North ChinaAfter the Chanyuan Treaty, Song paid the Liao annual tribute of silk and silver while the Liao opened border markets; trade remained active in the 1050s, with the Liao exchanging animal products and furs for Song silk, tea, and currency, supplementing state finances.

Sources