Ottoman-Safavid Truce

Timeline

1. 1520–1524Lake Van–Lake Urmia line · AzerbaijanAfter the 1514 Battle of Chaldiran, the Ottomans and Safavids used the area near Lake Van and Lake Urmia as a rough dividing line, and neither launched a decisive expedition. In the early 1520s, after Suleiman acceded, he prioritized the Balkans and Hungary, while Safavid Ismail was demoralized by defeat, and the border remained a low-intensity standoff.
2. 1524–1528Eastern Anatolian border · AnatoliaAfter Ismail's death the young Tahmasp acceded; the Safavids were preoccupied with regency arrangements and unable to campaign east. The Ottomans, meanwhile, consolidated the Hungarian front after their great victory at Mohács in 1526; neither side committed main forces to the eastern border, and the de facto truce continued.
3. 1528–1530Entire Ottoman-Safavid border · Western AsiaBy around 1528, though no formal written peace treaty survives, large-scale border warfare was absent and travel by merchants and diplomatic envoys resumed to a limited degree. This truce window allowed the Ottomans to besiege Vienna in 1529 while the Safavids consolidated internal rule, until territorial disputes flared again in the 1530s.