Shahrukh's Samarqand court of the Timurid Empire

Timeline

1. 1411Samarqand · TransoxianaAfter several years of suppressing rebellions following Timur's death, by the early 1410s Shahrukh had secured control of the cities of Transoxiana; Samarqand continued to serve a political symbolic role as the empire's ancestral seat and ceremonial capital.
2. 1411–1420Samarqand · TransoxianaThe Samarqand court recruited Persian-language literary figures, miniature painters, and architectural artisans, continuing the tradition of religious and madrasa architecture around Registan Square; together with the Herat court it formed a dual-center cultural pattern, advancing the Timurid Renaissance.
3. 1411–1447Herat · KhorasanShahrukh resided long-term in Herat to handle imperial affairs, while Samarqand retained its ancestral status and religious-ceremonial functions, forming a dual-capital system that separated the administrative center from the cultural symbol, sustaining the Timurid Empire's rule network across Central Asia.