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Publication of Spinoza's Ethics
In 1677, the posthumous Ethics of Dutch philosopher Baruch Spinoza was published in Latin in Amsterdam.
Timeline
- 1677Amsterdam · NetherlandsAfter Spinoza's death on February 21, 1677, friends edited his Latin manuscript Ethics and published it anonymously in Amsterdam under the title Ethica ordine geometrico demonstrata.
- 1677–1680Western Europe · Western EuropeAfter publication, Ethics quickly spread to France, Germany, and elsewhere; its pantheism and determinism drew condemnation from churches and conservative scholars, while also providing a key conceptual framework for later rationalism and Enlightenment philosophy.
Sources
- Ethica ordine geometrico demonstrata — Benedictus de Spinoza (1677)
- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy: Baruch Spinoza https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/spinoza/