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Outbreak of the Lam Sơn Uprising

Type Event Region Annam (Vietnam) Time 1418–1427

In 1418 Lê Lợi rose in Lam Sơn, Thanh Hóa, against Ming rule; after guerrilla expansion, a 1426 victory and Ming withdrawal in 1427 restored Annam's …

Timeline

  1. 1418Lam Sơn · Thanh HóaLê Lợi gathered followers and rose in his home region of Lam Sơn under the banner of "Pacifying Wu," resisting Ming colonial rule in Annam; in the uprising's early phase, Ming forces repeatedly encircled and suppressed them, but the rebels persisted in mountain guerrilla warfare.
  2. 1421–1425Thanh Hóa-Nghệ An mountain region · AnnamRelying on mountain base areas, the rebel army conducted guerrilla warfare, gradually infiltrating the Red River Delta and absorbing commoners and local strongmen; though Ming forces campaigned repeatedly, they could not eradicate the rebels.
  3. 1426Chi Lăng, Xương Giang · Thăng Long (Hanoi)Nguyễn Trãi led forces to ambush at Chi Lăng and Xương Giang, annihilating the main force under Ming general Lý Binh; the Ming army was gravely weakened, and the rebels turned to a strategic counteroffensive.
  4. 1427Thăng Long (Hanoi) · AnnamFollowing the victory at Chi Lăng, Ming general Vương Thông was forced to negotiate peace with Lê Lợi; the Ming withdrew and invested Lê Lợi as King of Annam, ending the fourth period of northern domination and restoring Annam's independence.

Sources