Establishment of the Vandal Kingdom in North Africa

Timeline

1. 409–429Iberian Peninsula · Iberian PeninsulaThe Vandals, together with the Alans and Suebi, crossed the Rhine to invade Gaul and Spain, gradually unifying tribal forces under Gaiseric's leadership in preparation for a trans-Mediterranean expedition to North Africa.
2. 429–439Carthage · TunisiaGaiseric led the Vandals and Alans across the sea from Iberia into North Africa around 428/429; in 435 he concluded a treaty with Western Roman emperor Valentinian III, receiving parts of Mauretania and Numidia as foederati. On 19 October 439 he suddenly captured Carthage, seizing Rome's African granary and the ships in its harbor.
3. 439Carthage · TunisiaGaiseric established the Vandal–Alan kingdom with Carthage as its capital, adopted Arian Christianity as the state religion, and entered a long standoff with the Western Roman and later Byzantine empires.